In Treatment follows therapist Paul Weston, his patients, and his family. On Mondays, Paul sees Laura, a young woman who desires a more personal relationship with him. On Tuesdays, he sees Alex, a Naval pilot whose confident manner belies certain doubts about his career and personal life. On Wednesdays, he has sessions with Sophie, who he helps to sort out her feelings regarding her Olympics-level gymnastic career, her coach, and her family. Thursdays are couples counseling with Jake and Amy, who are struggling with their marriage. On Fridays, Paul visits his own therapist, Gina, with whom he has a contentious professional history. Throughout the week are glimpses of Paul's personal life, mainly his shaky relationship with his wife Kate, with whom he has three children.

The series, based on a hit Israeli show, BeTipul, aired five nights a week for almost nine weeks on HBO.