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| The New Yankee Workshop |
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| Show Info: |
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| Show Slang | Dado:
A dado is any groove cut into a piece of wood. Typically another piece of wood nests into this groove; it may not even be glued. Chisels, routers, and table saws with special blades (called stacked dado heads) all cut dados - the right choice depends on the side of the piece, the type of wood, the size of the desired dado and the preference of the craftsman.
| Dovetail:
Dovetails are "fingers" formed of wood such that the finger is narrower at the base (where it attaches to the piece) than at the end. Properly formed (usually with a specialized jig) these "fingers" form a tight joint that will not fail under normal use. Dovetails often join the sides of drawer boxes, but may be used nearly anywhere.
| Feather Board:
A craftsman makes a feather board from an ordinary piece of stock, perhaps a half inch thick and a few inches wide. He cuts several close kerfs to a length of a few inches using a saw, and then bevels the end. The resulting board may be mounted at an angle so the "fingers" between the kerfs points towards the workpiece and angle in the direction it travels. They're mounted so the gap between the end of the feather board and the table is just slightly smaller than the thickness of the workpiece. As the piece moves through, these fingers bend very slightly, and the tensile strength of the wood thus exerts a downward force, holding the work piece against the table more consistently than the craftsman can. This force counters jumping and kick caused by irregularities in the wood or errors in the craftsman's handling of it. Since such uncontrolled motions commonly ruin a work piece, the feather board reduces waste.
| Mortise and Tenon:
A mortise is a (usually rectangular) slot cut into wood, and a tenon is a protruding piece of wood; the pair together permit a craftsman to join two pieces of wood by fitting the tenon into the mortise. Usually glue holds the two pieces, but other approaches include pinning with dowels.
| Proud:
The term proud has a slightly different meaning to a cabinetmaker. It means a section of (usually) trim that extends above surrounding sections, as in a bas-relief carving. More generally, it may refer to an extended section of shelving, casing, or anything that stands out.
| Quarter sawn wood:
Quarter sawn wood is cut so the growth rings are as parallel to each other and as nearly perpendicular to the sawn face of the wood as practical. Such wood is more expensive because it is harder to cut and there are relatively few pieces in a log. Because of the growth ring orientation, such wood is less prone to cracking and warping but may be more prone to splitting, cracking and tearout if mishandled. Quarter sawn wood works well on exposed surfaces, producing beautiful effects when properly stained.
| Rabbit:
Similar to a dado (q.v.), a rabbit is like a groove cut into a piece. Unlike a dado, which looks more like a trench (has three sides), a rabbit has only two sides. Rabbits see application where a panel must be thinner at its edges, commonly so that it fits into other panels properly and in an aesthetically pleasing way.
| Raised Panel:
A craftsman typically creates a raised panel effect with a panel cutting router bit, although other methods (including careful use of a table saw) are certainly possible. The effect adds style to cabinetry, typically on doors, giving them a solid look and feel. Raised panels are thick in the center, thinner near the edges where the panel commonly nests in a dado cut into the door rails and styles.
| Sacrificial Fence:
Used with a stacked dado cutter (and in a few other applications), a sacrificial fence partially covers the blade. Together with a mechanism for keeping the work piece flat against the saw's table (typically a feather board), it permits the craftsman to make very straight, even rabbits. The name comes from the fact that the blade cuts away part of the fence, meaning that once all cuts of a particular depth are made, the fence is normally discarded. There are, despite the somewhat oxymoronic nature of it, "permanent" sacrificial fences. These require more care to use properly.
| Stacked Dado (Head):
A stacked dado (occasioanlly, stacked dado head) cutter is a particular sort of saw blade for a table saw. It consists of two saw-like cutter wheels and a number of thinner chipping blades; the whole are stacked like pancakes (hence the name) and mounted on the saw's mandrel. The assembly cuts a dado (slot) or rabbit (edge slot) in a piece of wood by producing what amounts to a very wide kerf. The craftsman selects the width by choosing how many and which chippers to sandwich between the cutters. Because the cutters define the edge and the bottom of the dado is usually mated to another piece, it may be fairly rough, and therefore the chipper blades have relatively few teeth. A stacked dado cutter, being wider, usually requires the craftsman replace the blade shield in the table with a shield that has a wider slot to accommodate the width of the cutter. Depending on the application, the stacked dado cutter may also require the use of a sacrificial fence.
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